diff --git a/lib/GfxRenderer/GfxRenderer.cpp b/lib/GfxRenderer/GfxRenderer.cpp
index 1dbe8ee6..fa1c61c6 100644
--- a/lib/GfxRenderer/GfxRenderer.cpp
+++ b/lib/GfxRenderer/GfxRenderer.cpp
@@ -10,19 +10,19 @@ void GfxRenderer::rotateCoordinates(const int x, const int y, int* rotatedX, int
       // Logical portrait (480x800) → panel (800x480)
       // Rotation: 90 degrees clockwise
       *rotatedX = y;
-      *rotatedY = EInkDisplay::DISPLAY_HEIGHT - 1 - x;
+      *rotatedY = HalDisplay::DISPLAY_HEIGHT - 1 - x;
       break;
     }
     case LandscapeClockwise: {
       // Logical landscape (800x480) rotated 180 degrees (swap top/bottom and left/right)
-      *rotatedX = EInkDisplay::DISPLAY_WIDTH - 1 - x;
-      *rotatedY = EInkDisplay::DISPLAY_HEIGHT - 1 - y;
+      *rotatedX = HalDisplay::DISPLAY_WIDTH - 1 - x;
+      *rotatedY = HalDisplay::DISPLAY_HEIGHT - 1 - y;
       break;
     }
     case PortraitInverted: {
       // Logical portrait (480x800) → panel (800x480)
       // Rotation: 90 degrees counter-clockwise
-      *rotatedX = EInkDisplay::DISPLAY_WIDTH - 1 - y;
+      *rotatedX = HalDisplay::DISPLAY_WIDTH - 1 - y;
       *rotatedY = x;
       break;
     }
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ void GfxRenderer::rotateCoordinates(const int x, const int y, int* rotatedX, int
 }
 
 void GfxRenderer::drawPixel(const int x, const int y, const bool state) const {
-  uint8_t* frameBuffer = einkDisplay.getFrameBuffer();
+  uint8_t* frameBuffer = display.getFrameBuffer();
 
   // Early return if no framebuffer is set
   if (!frameBuffer) {
@@ -49,14 +49,13 @@ void GfxRenderer::drawPixel(const int x, const int y, const bool state) const {
   rotateCoordinates(x, y, &rotatedX, &rotatedY);
 
   // Bounds checking against physical panel dimensions
-  if (rotatedX < 0 || rotatedX >= EInkDisplay::DISPLAY_WIDTH || rotatedY < 0 ||
-      rotatedY >= EInkDisplay::DISPLAY_HEIGHT) {
+  if (rotatedX < 0 || rotatedX >= HalDisplay::DISPLAY_WIDTH || rotatedY < 0 || rotatedY >= HalDisplay::DISPLAY_HEIGHT) {
     Serial.printf("[%lu] [GFX] !! Outside range (%d, %d) -> (%d, %d)\n", millis(), x, y, rotatedX, rotatedY);
     return;
   }
 
   // Calculate byte position and bit position
-  const uint16_t byteIndex = rotatedY * EInkDisplay::DISPLAY_WIDTH_BYTES + (rotatedX / 8);
+  const uint16_t byteIndex = rotatedY * HalDisplay::DISPLAY_WIDTH_BYTES + (rotatedX / 8);
   const uint8_t bitPosition = 7 - (rotatedX % 8);  // MSB first
 
   if (state) {
@@ -164,7 +163,7 @@ void GfxRenderer::drawImage(const uint8_t bitmap[], const int x, const int y, co
       break;
   }
   // TODO: Rotate bits
-  einkDisplay.drawImage(bitmap, rotatedX, rotatedY, width, height);
+  display.drawImage(bitmap, rotatedX, rotatedY, width, height);
 }
 
 void GfxRenderer::drawBitmap(const Bitmap& bitmap, const int x, const int y, const int maxWidth, const int maxHeight,
@@ -399,22 +398,20 @@ void GfxRenderer::fillPolygon(const int* xPoints, const int* yPoints, int numPoi
   free(nodeX);
 }
 
-void GfxRenderer::clearScreen(const uint8_t color) const { einkDisplay.clearScreen(color); }
+void GfxRenderer::clearScreen(const uint8_t color) const { display.clearScreen(color); }
 
 void GfxRenderer::invertScreen() const {
-  uint8_t* buffer = einkDisplay.getFrameBuffer();
+  uint8_t* buffer = display.getFrameBuffer();
   if (!buffer) {
     Serial.printf("[%lu] [GFX] !! No framebuffer in invertScreen\n", millis());
     return;
   }
-  for (int i = 0; i < EInkDisplay::BUFFER_SIZE; i++) {
+  for (int i = 0; i < HalDisplay::BUFFER_SIZE; i++) {
     buffer[i] = ~buffer[i];
   }
 }
 
-void GfxRenderer::displayBuffer(const EInkDisplay::RefreshMode refreshMode) const {
-  einkDisplay.displayBuffer(refreshMode);
-}
+void GfxRenderer::displayBuffer(const HalDisplay::RefreshMode refreshMode) const { display.displayBuffer(refreshMode); }
 
 std::string GfxRenderer::truncatedText(const int fontId, const char* text, const int maxWidth,
                                        const EpdFontFamily::Style style) const {
@@ -433,13 +430,13 @@ int GfxRenderer::getScreenWidth() const {
     case Portrait:
     case PortraitInverted:
       // 480px wide in portrait logical coordinates
-      return EInkDisplay::DISPLAY_HEIGHT;
+      return HalDisplay::DISPLAY_HEIGHT;
     case LandscapeClockwise:
     case LandscapeCounterClockwise:
       // 800px wide in landscape logical coordinates
-      return EInkDisplay::DISPLAY_WIDTH;
+      return HalDisplay::DISPLAY_WIDTH;
   }
-  return EInkDisplay::DISPLAY_HEIGHT;
+  return HalDisplay::DISPLAY_HEIGHT;
 }
 
 int GfxRenderer::getScreenHeight() const {
@@ -447,13 +444,13 @@ int GfxRenderer::getScreenHeight() const {
     case Portrait:
     case PortraitInverted:
       // 800px tall in portrait logical coordinates
-      return EInkDisplay::DISPLAY_WIDTH;
+      return HalDisplay::DISPLAY_WIDTH;
     case LandscapeClockwise:
     case LandscapeCounterClockwise:
       // 480px tall in landscape logical coordinates
-      return EInkDisplay::DISPLAY_HEIGHT;
+      return HalDisplay::DISPLAY_HEIGHT;
   }
-  return EInkDisplay::DISPLAY_WIDTH;
+  return HalDisplay::DISPLAY_WIDTH;
 }
 
 int GfxRenderer::getSpaceWidth(const int fontId) const {
@@ -653,17 +650,18 @@ void GfxRenderer::drawTextRotated90CW(const int fontId, const int x, const int y
   }
 }
 
-uint8_t* GfxRenderer::getFrameBuffer() const { return einkDisplay.getFrameBuffer(); }
+uint8_t* GfxRenderer::getFrameBuffer() const { return display.getFrameBuffer(); }
 
-size_t GfxRenderer::getBufferSize() { return EInkDisplay::BUFFER_SIZE; }
+size_t GfxRenderer::getBufferSize() { return HalDisplay::BUFFER_SIZE; }
 
-void GfxRenderer::grayscaleRevert() const { einkDisplay.grayscaleRevert(); }
+// unused
+// void GfxRenderer::grayscaleRevert() const { display.grayscaleRevert(); }
 
-void GfxRenderer::copyGrayscaleLsbBuffers() const { einkDisplay.copyGrayscaleLsbBuffers(einkDisplay.getFrameBuffer()); }
+void GfxRenderer::copyGrayscaleLsbBuffers() const { display.copyGrayscaleLsbBuffers(display.getFrameBuffer()); }
 
-void GfxRenderer::copyGrayscaleMsbBuffers() const { einkDisplay.copyGrayscaleMsbBuffers(einkDisplay.getFrameBuffer()); }
+void GfxRenderer::copyGrayscaleMsbBuffers() const { display.copyGrayscaleMsbBuffers(display.getFrameBuffer()); }
 
-void GfxRenderer::displayGrayBuffer() const { einkDisplay.displayGrayBuffer(); }
+void GfxRenderer::displayGrayBuffer() const { display.displayGrayBuffer(); }
 
 void GfxRenderer::freeBwBufferChunks() {
   for (auto& bwBufferChunk : bwBufferChunks) {
@@ -681,7 +679,7 @@ void GfxRenderer::freeBwBufferChunks() {
  * Returns true if buffer was stored successfully, false if allocation failed.
  */
 bool GfxRenderer::storeBwBuffer() {
-  const uint8_t* frameBuffer = einkDisplay.getFrameBuffer();
+  const uint8_t* frameBuffer = display.getFrameBuffer();
   if (!frameBuffer) {
     Serial.printf("[%lu] [GFX] !! No framebuffer in storeBwBuffer\n", millis());
     return false;
@@ -736,7 +734,7 @@ void GfxRenderer::restoreBwBuffer() {
     return;
   }
 
-  uint8_t* frameBuffer = einkDisplay.getFrameBuffer();
+  uint8_t* frameBuffer = display.getFrameBuffer();
   if (!frameBuffer) {
     Serial.printf("[%lu] [GFX] !! No framebuffer in restoreBwBuffer\n", millis());
     freeBwBufferChunks();
@@ -755,7 +753,7 @@ void GfxRenderer::restoreBwBuffer() {
     memcpy(frameBuffer + offset, bwBufferChunks[i], BW_BUFFER_CHUNK_SIZE);
   }
 
-  einkDisplay.cleanupGrayscaleBuffers(frameBuffer);
+  display.cleanupGrayscaleBuffers(frameBuffer);
 
   freeBwBufferChunks();
   Serial.printf("[%lu] [GFX] Restored and freed BW buffer chunks\n", millis());
@@ -766,9 +764,9 @@ void GfxRenderer::restoreBwBuffer() {
  * Use this when BW buffer was re-rendered instead of stored/restored.
  */
 void GfxRenderer::cleanupGrayscaleWithFrameBuffer() const {
-  uint8_t* frameBuffer = einkDisplay.getFrameBuffer();
+  uint8_t* frameBuffer = display.getFrameBuffer();
   if (frameBuffer) {
-    einkDisplay.cleanupGrayscaleBuffers(frameBuffer);
+    display.cleanupGrayscaleBuffers(frameBuffer);
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/GfxRenderer/GfxRenderer.h b/lib/GfxRenderer/GfxRenderer.h
index b1fea69b..733975f4 100644
--- a/lib/GfxRenderer/GfxRenderer.h
+++ b/lib/GfxRenderer/GfxRenderer.h
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <EInkDisplay.h>
 #include <EpdFontFamily.h>
+#include <HalDisplay.h>
 
 #include <map>
 
@@ -21,11 +21,11 @@ class GfxRenderer {
 
  private:
   static constexpr size_t BW_BUFFER_CHUNK_SIZE = 8000;  // 8KB chunks to allow for non-contiguous memory
-  static constexpr size_t BW_BUFFER_NUM_CHUNKS = EInkDisplay::BUFFER_SIZE / BW_BUFFER_CHUNK_SIZE;
-  static_assert(BW_BUFFER_CHUNK_SIZE * BW_BUFFER_NUM_CHUNKS == EInkDisplay::BUFFER_SIZE,
+  static constexpr size_t BW_BUFFER_NUM_CHUNKS = HalDisplay::BUFFER_SIZE / BW_BUFFER_CHUNK_SIZE;
+  static_assert(BW_BUFFER_CHUNK_SIZE * BW_BUFFER_NUM_CHUNKS == HalDisplay::BUFFER_SIZE,
                 "BW buffer chunking does not line up with display buffer size");
 
-  EInkDisplay& einkDisplay;
+  HalDisplay& display;
   RenderMode renderMode;
   Orientation orientation;
   uint8_t* bwBufferChunks[BW_BUFFER_NUM_CHUNKS] = {nullptr};
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ class GfxRenderer {
   void rotateCoordinates(int x, int y, int* rotatedX, int* rotatedY) const;
 
  public:
-  explicit GfxRenderer(EInkDisplay& einkDisplay) : einkDisplay(einkDisplay), renderMode(BW), orientation(Portrait) {}
+  explicit GfxRenderer(HalDisplay& halDisplay) : display(halDisplay), renderMode(BW), orientation(Portrait) {}
   ~GfxRenderer() { freeBwBufferChunks(); }
 
   static constexpr int VIEWABLE_MARGIN_TOP = 9;
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ class GfxRenderer {
   // Screen ops
   int getScreenWidth() const;
   int getScreenHeight() const;
-  void displayBuffer(EInkDisplay::RefreshMode refreshMode = EInkDisplay::FAST_REFRESH) const;
+  void displayBuffer(HalDisplay::RefreshMode refreshMode = HalDisplay::FAST_REFRESH) const;
   // EXPERIMENTAL: Windowed update - display only a rectangular region
   void displayWindow(int x, int y, int width, int height) const;
   void invertScreen() const;
diff --git a/lib/hal/HalDisplay.cpp b/lib/hal/HalDisplay.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6f69d7fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/hal/HalDisplay.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+#include <HalDisplay.h>
+#include <HalGPIO.h>
+
+#define SD_SPI_MISO 7
+
+HalDisplay::HalDisplay() : einkDisplay(EPD_SCLK, EPD_MOSI, EPD_CS, EPD_DC, EPD_RST, EPD_BUSY) {}
+
+HalDisplay::~HalDisplay() {}
+
+void HalDisplay::begin() { einkDisplay.begin(); }
+
+void HalDisplay::clearScreen(uint8_t color) const { einkDisplay.clearScreen(color); }
+
+void HalDisplay::drawImage(const uint8_t* imageData, uint16_t x, uint16_t y, uint16_t w, uint16_t h,
+                           bool fromProgmem) const {
+  einkDisplay.drawImage(imageData, x, y, w, h, fromProgmem);
+}
+
+EInkDisplay::RefreshMode convertRefreshMode(HalDisplay::RefreshMode mode) {
+  switch (mode) {
+    case HalDisplay::FULL_REFRESH:
+      return EInkDisplay::FULL_REFRESH;
+    case HalDisplay::HALF_REFRESH:
+      return EInkDisplay::HALF_REFRESH;
+    case HalDisplay::FAST_REFRESH:
+    default:
+      return EInkDisplay::FAST_REFRESH;
+  }
+}
+
+void HalDisplay::displayBuffer(HalDisplay::RefreshMode mode) { einkDisplay.displayBuffer(convertRefreshMode(mode)); }
+
+void HalDisplay::refreshDisplay(HalDisplay::RefreshMode mode, bool turnOffScreen) {
+  einkDisplay.refreshDisplay(convertRefreshMode(mode), turnOffScreen);
+}
+
+void HalDisplay::deepSleep() { einkDisplay.deepSleep(); }
+
+uint8_t* HalDisplay::getFrameBuffer() const { return einkDisplay.getFrameBuffer(); }
+
+void HalDisplay::copyGrayscaleBuffers(const uint8_t* lsbBuffer, const uint8_t* msbBuffer) {
+  einkDisplay.copyGrayscaleBuffers(lsbBuffer, msbBuffer);
+}
+
+void HalDisplay::copyGrayscaleLsbBuffers(const uint8_t* lsbBuffer) { einkDisplay.copyGrayscaleLsbBuffers(lsbBuffer); }
+
+void HalDisplay::copyGrayscaleMsbBuffers(const uint8_t* msbBuffer) { einkDisplay.copyGrayscaleMsbBuffers(msbBuffer); }
+
+void HalDisplay::cleanupGrayscaleBuffers(const uint8_t* bwBuffer) { einkDisplay.cleanupGrayscaleBuffers(bwBuffer); }
+
+void HalDisplay::displayGrayBuffer() { einkDisplay.displayGrayBuffer(); }
diff --git a/lib/hal/HalDisplay.h b/lib/hal/HalDisplay.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6eb7156b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/hal/HalDisplay.h
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#pragma once
+#include <Arduino.h>
+#include <EInkDisplay.h>
+
+class HalDisplay {
+ public:
+  // Constructor with pin configuration
+  HalDisplay();
+
+  // Destructor
+  ~HalDisplay();
+
+  // Refresh modes
+  enum RefreshMode {
+    FULL_REFRESH,  // Full refresh with complete waveform
+    HALF_REFRESH,  // Half refresh (1720ms) - balanced quality and speed
+    FAST_REFRESH   // Fast refresh using custom LUT
+  };
+
+  // Initialize the display hardware and driver
+  void begin();
+
+  // Display dimensions
+  static constexpr uint16_t DISPLAY_WIDTH = EInkDisplay::DISPLAY_WIDTH;
+  static constexpr uint16_t DISPLAY_HEIGHT = EInkDisplay::DISPLAY_HEIGHT;
+  static constexpr uint16_t DISPLAY_WIDTH_BYTES = DISPLAY_WIDTH / 8;
+  static constexpr uint32_t BUFFER_SIZE = DISPLAY_WIDTH_BYTES * DISPLAY_HEIGHT;
+
+  // Frame buffer operations
+  void clearScreen(uint8_t color = 0xFF) const;
+  void drawImage(const uint8_t* imageData, uint16_t x, uint16_t y, uint16_t w, uint16_t h,
+                 bool fromProgmem = false) const;
+
+  void displayBuffer(RefreshMode mode = RefreshMode::FAST_REFRESH);
+  void refreshDisplay(RefreshMode mode = RefreshMode::FAST_REFRESH, bool turnOffScreen = false);
+
+  // Power management
+  void deepSleep();
+
+  // Access to frame buffer
+  uint8_t* getFrameBuffer() const;
+
+  void copyGrayscaleBuffers(const uint8_t* lsbBuffer, const uint8_t* msbBuffer);
+  void copyGrayscaleLsbBuffers(const uint8_t* lsbBuffer);
+  void copyGrayscaleMsbBuffers(const uint8_t* msbBuffer);
+  void cleanupGrayscaleBuffers(const uint8_t* bwBuffer);
+
+  void displayGrayBuffer();
+
+ private:
+  EInkDisplay einkDisplay;
+};
diff --git a/lib/hal/HalGPIO.cpp b/lib/hal/HalGPIO.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..803efba0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/hal/HalGPIO.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#include <HalGPIO.h>
+#include <SPI.h>
+#include <esp_sleep.h>
+
+void HalGPIO::begin() {
+  inputMgr.begin();
+  SPI.begin(EPD_SCLK, SPI_MISO, EPD_MOSI, EPD_CS);
+  pinMode(BAT_GPIO0, INPUT);
+  pinMode(UART0_RXD, INPUT);
+}
+
+void HalGPIO::update() { inputMgr.update(); }
+
+bool HalGPIO::isPressed(uint8_t buttonIndex) const { return inputMgr.isPressed(buttonIndex); }
+
+bool HalGPIO::wasPressed(uint8_t buttonIndex) const { return inputMgr.wasPressed(buttonIndex); }
+
+bool HalGPIO::wasAnyPressed() const { return inputMgr.wasAnyPressed(); }
+
+bool HalGPIO::wasReleased(uint8_t buttonIndex) const { return inputMgr.wasReleased(buttonIndex); }
+
+bool HalGPIO::wasAnyReleased() const { return inputMgr.wasAnyReleased(); }
+
+unsigned long HalGPIO::getHeldTime() const { return inputMgr.getHeldTime(); }
+
+void HalGPIO::startDeepSleep() {
+  esp_deep_sleep_enable_gpio_wakeup(1ULL << InputManager::POWER_BUTTON_PIN, ESP_GPIO_WAKEUP_GPIO_LOW);
+  // Ensure that the power button has been released to avoid immediately turning back on if you're holding it
+  while (inputMgr.isPressed(BTN_POWER)) {
+    delay(50);
+    inputMgr.update();
+  }
+  // Enter Deep Sleep
+  esp_deep_sleep_start();
+}
+
+int HalGPIO::getBatteryPercentage() const {
+  static const BatteryMonitor battery = BatteryMonitor(BAT_GPIO0);
+  return battery.readPercentage();
+}
+
+bool HalGPIO::isUsbConnected() const {
+  // U0RXD/GPIO20 reads HIGH when USB is connected
+  return digitalRead(UART0_RXD) == HIGH;
+}
+
+bool HalGPIO::isWakeupByPowerButton() const {
+  const auto wakeupCause = esp_sleep_get_wakeup_cause();
+  const auto resetReason = esp_reset_reason();
+  if (isUsbConnected()) {
+    return wakeupCause == ESP_SLEEP_WAKEUP_GPIO;
+  } else {
+    return (wakeupCause == ESP_SLEEP_WAKEUP_UNDEFINED) && (resetReason == ESP_RST_POWERON);
+  }
+}
diff --git a/lib/hal/HalGPIO.h b/lib/hal/HalGPIO.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..11ffb22e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/hal/HalGPIO.h
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <Arduino.h>
+#include <BatteryMonitor.h>
+#include <InputManager.h>
+
+// Display SPI pins (custom pins for XteinkX4, not hardware SPI defaults)
+#define EPD_SCLK 8   // SPI Clock
+#define EPD_MOSI 10  // SPI MOSI (Master Out Slave In)
+#define EPD_CS 21    // Chip Select
+#define EPD_DC 4     // Data/Command
+#define EPD_RST 5    // Reset
+#define EPD_BUSY 6   // Busy
+
+#define SPI_MISO 7  // SPI MISO, shared between SD card and display (Master In Slave Out)
+
+#define BAT_GPIO0 0  // Battery voltage
+
+#define UART0_RXD 20  // Used for USB connection detection
+
+class HalGPIO {
+#if CROSSPOINT_EMULATED == 0
+  InputManager inputMgr;
+#endif
+
+ public:
+  HalGPIO() = default;
+
+  // Start button GPIO and setup SPI for screen and SD card
+  void begin();
+
+  // Button input methods
+  void update();
+  bool isPressed(uint8_t buttonIndex) const;
+  bool wasPressed(uint8_t buttonIndex) const;
+  bool wasAnyPressed() const;
+  bool wasReleased(uint8_t buttonIndex) const;
+  bool wasAnyReleased() const;
+  unsigned long getHeldTime() const;
+
+  // Setup wake up GPIO and enter deep sleep
+  void startDeepSleep();
+
+  // Get battery percentage (range 0-100)
+  int getBatteryPercentage() const;
+
+  // Check if USB is connected
+  bool isUsbConnected() const;
+
+  // Check if wakeup was caused by power button press
+  bool isWakeupByPowerButton() const;
+
+  // Button indices
+  static constexpr uint8_t BTN_BACK = 0;
+  static constexpr uint8_t BTN_CONFIRM = 1;
+  static constexpr uint8_t BTN_LEFT = 2;
+  static constexpr uint8_t BTN_RIGHT = 3;
+  static constexpr uint8_t BTN_UP = 4;
+  static constexpr uint8_t BTN_DOWN = 5;
+  static constexpr uint8_t BTN_POWER = 6;
+};
diff --git a/src/MappedInputManager.cpp b/src/MappedInputManager.cpp
index 25095be7..e5423724 100644
--- a/src/MappedInputManager.cpp
+++ b/src/MappedInputManager.cpp
@@ -19,20 +19,20 @@ struct SideLayoutMap {
 
 // Order matches CrossPointSettings::FRONT_BUTTON_LAYOUT.
 constexpr FrontLayoutMap kFrontLayouts[] = {
-    {InputManager::BTN_BACK, InputManager::BTN_CONFIRM, InputManager::BTN_LEFT, InputManager::BTN_RIGHT},
-    {InputManager::BTN_LEFT, InputManager::BTN_RIGHT, InputManager::BTN_BACK, InputManager::BTN_CONFIRM},
-    {InputManager::BTN_CONFIRM, InputManager::BTN_LEFT, InputManager::BTN_BACK, InputManager::BTN_RIGHT},
-    {InputManager::BTN_BACK, InputManager::BTN_CONFIRM, InputManager::BTN_RIGHT, InputManager::BTN_LEFT},
+    {HalGPIO::BTN_BACK, HalGPIO::BTN_CONFIRM, HalGPIO::BTN_LEFT, HalGPIO::BTN_RIGHT},
+    {HalGPIO::BTN_LEFT, HalGPIO::BTN_RIGHT, HalGPIO::BTN_BACK, HalGPIO::BTN_CONFIRM},
+    {HalGPIO::BTN_CONFIRM, HalGPIO::BTN_LEFT, HalGPIO::BTN_BACK, HalGPIO::BTN_RIGHT},
+    {HalGPIO::BTN_BACK, HalGPIO::BTN_CONFIRM, HalGPIO::BTN_RIGHT, HalGPIO::BTN_LEFT},
 };
 
 // Order matches CrossPointSettings::SIDE_BUTTON_LAYOUT.
 constexpr SideLayoutMap kSideLayouts[] = {
-    {InputManager::BTN_UP, InputManager::BTN_DOWN},
-    {InputManager::BTN_DOWN, InputManager::BTN_UP},
+    {HalGPIO::BTN_UP, HalGPIO::BTN_DOWN},
+    {HalGPIO::BTN_DOWN, HalGPIO::BTN_UP},
 };
 }  // namespace
 
-bool MappedInputManager::mapButton(const Button button, bool (InputManager::*fn)(uint8_t) const) const {
+bool MappedInputManager::mapButton(const Button button, bool (HalGPIO::*fn)(uint8_t) const) const {
   const auto frontLayout = static_cast<CrossPointSettings::FRONT_BUTTON_LAYOUT>(SETTINGS.frontButtonLayout);
   const auto sideLayout = static_cast<CrossPointSettings::SIDE_BUTTON_LAYOUT>(SETTINGS.sideButtonLayout);
   const auto& front = kFrontLayouts[frontLayout];
@@ -40,41 +40,39 @@ bool MappedInputManager::mapButton(const Button button, bool (InputManager::*fn)
 
   switch (button) {
     case Button::Back:
-      return (inputManager.*fn)(front.back);
+      return (gpio.*fn)(front.back);
     case Button::Confirm:
-      return (inputManager.*fn)(front.confirm);
+      return (gpio.*fn)(front.confirm);
     case Button::Left:
-      return (inputManager.*fn)(front.left);
+      return (gpio.*fn)(front.left);
     case Button::Right:
-      return (inputManager.*fn)(front.right);
+      return (gpio.*fn)(front.right);
     case Button::Up:
-      return (inputManager.*fn)(InputManager::BTN_UP);
+      return (gpio.*fn)(HalGPIO::BTN_UP);
     case Button::Down:
-      return (inputManager.*fn)(InputManager::BTN_DOWN);
+      return (gpio.*fn)(HalGPIO::BTN_DOWN);
     case Button::Power:
-      return (inputManager.*fn)(InputManager::BTN_POWER);
+      return (gpio.*fn)(HalGPIO::BTN_POWER);
     case Button::PageBack:
-      return (inputManager.*fn)(side.pageBack);
+      return (gpio.*fn)(side.pageBack);
     case Button::PageForward:
-      return (inputManager.*fn)(side.pageForward);
+      return (gpio.*fn)(side.pageForward);
   }
 
   return false;
 }
 
-bool MappedInputManager::wasPressed(const Button button) const { return mapButton(button, &InputManager::wasPressed); }
+bool MappedInputManager::wasPressed(const Button button) const { return mapButton(button, &HalGPIO::wasPressed); }
 
-bool MappedInputManager::wasReleased(const Button button) const {
-  return mapButton(button, &InputManager::wasReleased);
-}
+bool MappedInputManager::wasReleased(const Button button) const { return mapButton(button, &HalGPIO::wasReleased); }
 
-bool MappedInputManager::isPressed(const Button button) const { return mapButton(button, &InputManager::isPressed); }
+bool MappedInputManager::isPressed(const Button button) const { return mapButton(button, &HalGPIO::isPressed); }
 
-bool MappedInputManager::wasAnyPressed() const { return inputManager.wasAnyPressed(); }
+bool MappedInputManager::wasAnyPressed() const { return gpio.wasAnyPressed(); }
 
-bool MappedInputManager::wasAnyReleased() const { return inputManager.wasAnyReleased(); }
+bool MappedInputManager::wasAnyReleased() const { return gpio.wasAnyReleased(); }
 
-unsigned long MappedInputManager::getHeldTime() const { return inputManager.getHeldTime(); }
+unsigned long MappedInputManager::getHeldTime() const { return gpio.getHeldTime(); }
 
 MappedInputManager::Labels MappedInputManager::mapLabels(const char* back, const char* confirm, const char* previous,
                                                          const char* next) const {
@@ -91,4 +89,4 @@ MappedInputManager::Labels MappedInputManager::mapLabels(const char* back, const
     default:
       return {back, confirm, previous, next};
   }
-}
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/MappedInputManager.h b/src/MappedInputManager.h
index bee7cd4b..f507a928 100644
--- a/src/MappedInputManager.h
+++ b/src/MappedInputManager.h
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <InputManager.h>
+#include <HalGPIO.h>
 
 class MappedInputManager {
  public:
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ class MappedInputManager {
     const char* btn4;
   };
 
-  explicit MappedInputManager(InputManager& inputManager) : inputManager(inputManager) {}
+  explicit MappedInputManager(HalGPIO& gpio) : gpio(gpio) {}
 
   bool wasPressed(Button button) const;
   bool wasReleased(Button button) const;
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ class MappedInputManager {
   Labels mapLabels(const char* back, const char* confirm, const char* previous, const char* next) const;
 
  private:
-  InputManager& inputManager;
+  HalGPIO& gpio;
 
-  bool mapButton(Button button, bool (InputManager::*fn)(uint8_t) const) const;
+  bool mapButton(Button button, bool (HalGPIO::*fn)(uint8_t) const) const;
 };
diff --git a/src/activities/boot_sleep/SleepActivity.cpp b/src/activities/boot_sleep/SleepActivity.cpp
index 95fe742f..aace2095 100644
--- a/src/activities/boot_sleep/SleepActivity.cpp
+++ b/src/activities/boot_sleep/SleepActivity.cpp
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ void SleepActivity::renderDefaultSleepScreen() const {
     renderer.invertScreen();
   }
 
-  renderer.displayBuffer(EInkDisplay::HALF_REFRESH);
+  renderer.displayBuffer(HalDisplay::HALF_REFRESH);
 }
 
 void SleepActivity::renderBitmapSleepScreen(const Bitmap& bitmap) const {
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ void SleepActivity::renderBitmapSleepScreen(const Bitmap& bitmap) const {
     renderer.invertScreen();
   }
 
-  renderer.displayBuffer(EInkDisplay::HALF_REFRESH);
+  renderer.displayBuffer(HalDisplay::HALF_REFRESH);
 
   if (hasGreyscale) {
     bitmap.rewindToData();
@@ -280,5 +280,5 @@ void SleepActivity::renderCoverSleepScreen() const {
 
 void SleepActivity::renderBlankSleepScreen() const {
   renderer.clearScreen();
-  renderer.displayBuffer(EInkDisplay::HALF_REFRESH);
+  renderer.displayBuffer(HalDisplay::HALF_REFRESH);
 }
diff --git a/src/activities/reader/EpubReaderActivity.cpp b/src/activities/reader/EpubReaderActivity.cpp
index 474facee..d4dbfb65 100644
--- a/src/activities/reader/EpubReaderActivity.cpp
+++ b/src/activities/reader/EpubReaderActivity.cpp
@@ -360,7 +360,7 @@ void EpubReaderActivity::renderScreen() {
       auto progressCallback = [this, barX, barY, barWidth, barHeight](int progress) {
         const int fillWidth = (barWidth - 2) * progress / 100;
         renderer.fillRect(barX + 1, barY + 1, fillWidth, barHeight - 2, true);
-        renderer.displayBuffer(EInkDisplay::FAST_REFRESH);
+        renderer.displayBuffer(HalDisplay::FAST_REFRESH);
       };
 
       if (!section->createSectionFile(SETTINGS.getReaderFontId(), SETTINGS.getReaderLineCompression(),
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ void EpubReaderActivity::renderContents(std::unique_ptr<Page> page, const int or
   page->render(renderer, SETTINGS.getReaderFontId(), orientedMarginLeft, orientedMarginTop);
   renderStatusBar(orientedMarginRight, orientedMarginBottom, orientedMarginLeft);
   if (pagesUntilFullRefresh <= 1) {
-    renderer.displayBuffer(EInkDisplay::HALF_REFRESH);
+    renderer.displayBuffer(HalDisplay::HALF_REFRESH);
     pagesUntilFullRefresh = SETTINGS.getRefreshFrequency();
   } else {
     renderer.displayBuffer();
diff --git a/src/activities/reader/TxtReaderActivity.cpp b/src/activities/reader/TxtReaderActivity.cpp
index e4978221..e9303de3 100644
--- a/src/activities/reader/TxtReaderActivity.cpp
+++ b/src/activities/reader/TxtReaderActivity.cpp
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ void TxtReaderActivity::buildPageIndex() {
       // Fill progress bar
       const int fillWidth = (barWidth - 2) * progressPercent / 100;
       renderer.fillRect(barX + 1, barY + 1, fillWidth, barHeight - 2, true);
-      renderer.displayBuffer(EInkDisplay::FAST_REFRESH);
+      renderer.displayBuffer(HalDisplay::FAST_REFRESH);
     }
 
     // Yield to other tasks periodically
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ void TxtReaderActivity::renderPage() {
   renderStatusBar(orientedMarginRight, orientedMarginBottom, orientedMarginLeft);
 
   if (pagesUntilFullRefresh <= 1) {
-    renderer.displayBuffer(EInkDisplay::HALF_REFRESH);
+    renderer.displayBuffer(HalDisplay::HALF_REFRESH);
     pagesUntilFullRefresh = SETTINGS.getRefreshFrequency();
   } else {
     renderer.displayBuffer();
diff --git a/src/activities/reader/XtcReaderActivity.cpp b/src/activities/reader/XtcReaderActivity.cpp
index c97f2094..f579abcd 100644
--- a/src/activities/reader/XtcReaderActivity.cpp
+++ b/src/activities/reader/XtcReaderActivity.cpp
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ void XtcReaderActivity::renderPage() {
 
     // Display BW with conditional refresh based on pagesUntilFullRefresh
     if (pagesUntilFullRefresh <= 1) {
-      renderer.displayBuffer(EInkDisplay::HALF_REFRESH);
+      renderer.displayBuffer(HalDisplay::HALF_REFRESH);
       pagesUntilFullRefresh = SETTINGS.getRefreshFrequency();
     } else {
       renderer.displayBuffer();
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ void XtcReaderActivity::renderPage() {
 
   // Display with appropriate refresh
   if (pagesUntilFullRefresh <= 1) {
-    renderer.displayBuffer(EInkDisplay::HALF_REFRESH);
+    renderer.displayBuffer(HalDisplay::HALF_REFRESH);
     pagesUntilFullRefresh = SETTINGS.getRefreshFrequency();
   } else {
     renderer.displayBuffer();
diff --git a/src/activities/util/FullScreenMessageActivity.h b/src/activities/util/FullScreenMessageActivity.h
index 3e975c91..93909503 100644
--- a/src/activities/util/FullScreenMessageActivity.h
+++ b/src/activities/util/FullScreenMessageActivity.h
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
-#include <EInkDisplay.h>
 #include <EpdFontFamily.h>
+#include <HalDisplay.h>
 
 #include <string>
 #include <utility>
@@ -10,12 +10,12 @@
 class FullScreenMessageActivity final : public Activity {
   std::string text;
   EpdFontFamily::Style style;
-  EInkDisplay::RefreshMode refreshMode;
+  HalDisplay::RefreshMode refreshMode;
 
  public:
   explicit FullScreenMessageActivity(GfxRenderer& renderer, MappedInputManager& mappedInput, std::string text,
                                      const EpdFontFamily::Style style = EpdFontFamily::REGULAR,
-                                     const EInkDisplay::RefreshMode refreshMode = EInkDisplay::FAST_REFRESH)
+                                     const HalDisplay::RefreshMode refreshMode = HalDisplay::FAST_REFRESH)
       : Activity("FullScreenMessage", renderer, mappedInput),
         text(std::move(text)),
         style(style),
diff --git a/src/main.cpp b/src/main.cpp
index 8a081fd8..2308f0a2 100644
--- a/src/main.cpp
+++ b/src/main.cpp
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 #include <Arduino.h>
-#include <EInkDisplay.h>
 #include <Epub.h>
 #include <GfxRenderer.h>
-#include <InputManager.h>
+#include <HalDisplay.h>
+#include <HalGPIO.h>
 #include <SDCardManager.h>
 #include <SPI.h>
 #include <builtinFonts/all.h>
@@ -26,23 +26,10 @@
 #include "activities/util/FullScreenMessageActivity.h"
 #include "fontIds.h"
 
-#define SPI_FQ 40000000
-// Display SPI pins (custom pins for XteinkX4, not hardware SPI defaults)
-#define EPD_SCLK 8   // SPI Clock
-#define EPD_MOSI 10  // SPI MOSI (Master Out Slave In)
-#define EPD_CS 21    // Chip Select
-#define EPD_DC 4     // Data/Command
-#define EPD_RST 5    // Reset
-#define EPD_BUSY 6   // Busy
-
-#define UART0_RXD 20  // Used for USB connection detection
-
-#define SD_SPI_MISO 7
-
-EInkDisplay einkDisplay(EPD_SCLK, EPD_MOSI, EPD_CS, EPD_DC, EPD_RST, EPD_BUSY);
-InputManager inputManager;
-MappedInputManager mappedInputManager(inputManager);
-GfxRenderer renderer(einkDisplay);
+HalDisplay display;
+HalGPIO gpio;
+MappedInputManager mappedInputManager(gpio);
+GfxRenderer renderer(display);
 Activity* currentActivity;
 
 // Fonts
@@ -170,21 +157,20 @@ void verifyPowerButtonDuration() {
   const uint16_t calibratedPressDuration =
       (calibration < SETTINGS.getPowerButtonDuration()) ? SETTINGS.getPowerButtonDuration() - calibration : 1;
 
-  inputManager.update();
-  // Verify the user has actually pressed
+  gpio.update();
   // Needed because inputManager.isPressed() may take up to ~500ms to return the correct state
-  while (!inputManager.isPressed(InputManager::BTN_POWER) && millis() - start < 1000) {
+  while (!gpio.isPressed(HalGPIO::BTN_POWER) && millis() - start < 1000) {
     delay(10);  // only wait 10ms each iteration to not delay too much in case of short configured duration.
-    inputManager.update();
+    gpio.update();
   }
 
   t2 = millis();
-  if (inputManager.isPressed(InputManager::BTN_POWER)) {
+  if (gpio.isPressed(HalGPIO::BTN_POWER)) {
     do {
       delay(10);
-      inputManager.update();
-    } while (inputManager.isPressed(InputManager::BTN_POWER) && inputManager.getHeldTime() < calibratedPressDuration);
-    abort = inputManager.getHeldTime() < calibratedPressDuration;
+      gpio.update();
+    } while (gpio.isPressed(HalGPIO::BTN_POWER) && gpio.getHeldTime() < calibratedPressDuration);
+    abort = gpio.getHeldTime() < calibratedPressDuration;
   } else {
     abort = true;
   }
@@ -192,16 +178,15 @@ void verifyPowerButtonDuration() {
   if (abort) {
     // Button released too early. Returning to sleep.
     // IMPORTANT: Re-arm the wakeup trigger before sleeping again
-    esp_deep_sleep_enable_gpio_wakeup(1ULL << InputManager::POWER_BUTTON_PIN, ESP_GPIO_WAKEUP_GPIO_LOW);
-    esp_deep_sleep_start();
+    gpio.startDeepSleep();
   }
 }
 
 void waitForPowerRelease() {
-  inputManager.update();
-  while (inputManager.isPressed(InputManager::BTN_POWER)) {
+  gpio.update();
+  while (gpio.isPressed(HalGPIO::BTN_POWER)) {
     delay(50);
-    inputManager.update();
+    gpio.update();
   }
 }
 
@@ -210,14 +195,11 @@ void enterDeepSleep() {
   exitActivity();
   enterNewActivity(new SleepActivity(renderer, mappedInputManager));
 
-  einkDisplay.deepSleep();
+  display.deepSleep();
   Serial.printf("[%lu] [   ] Power button press calibration value: %lu ms\n", millis(), t2 - t1);
   Serial.printf("[%lu] [   ] Entering deep sleep.\n", millis());
-  esp_deep_sleep_enable_gpio_wakeup(1ULL << InputManager::POWER_BUTTON_PIN, ESP_GPIO_WAKEUP_GPIO_LOW);
-  // Ensure that the power button has been released to avoid immediately turning back on if you're holding it
-  waitForPowerRelease();
-  // Enter Deep Sleep
-  esp_deep_sleep_start();
+
+  gpio.startDeepSleep();
 }
 
 void onGoHome();
@@ -261,7 +243,7 @@ void onGoHome() {
 }
 
 void setupDisplayAndFonts() {
-  einkDisplay.begin();
+  display.begin();
   Serial.printf("[%lu] [   ] Display initialized\n", millis());
   renderer.insertFont(BOOKERLY_14_FONT_ID, bookerly14FontFamily);
 #ifndef OMIT_FONTS
@@ -284,27 +266,13 @@ void setupDisplayAndFonts() {
   Serial.printf("[%lu] [   ] Fonts setup\n", millis());
 }
 
-bool isUsbConnected() {
-  // U0RXD/GPIO20 reads HIGH when USB is connected
-  return digitalRead(UART0_RXD) == HIGH;
-}
-
-bool isWakeupByPowerButton() {
-  const auto wakeupCause = esp_sleep_get_wakeup_cause();
-  const auto resetReason = esp_reset_reason();
-  if (isUsbConnected()) {
-    return wakeupCause == ESP_SLEEP_WAKEUP_GPIO;
-  } else {
-    return (wakeupCause == ESP_SLEEP_WAKEUP_UNDEFINED) && (resetReason == ESP_RST_POWERON);
-  }
-}
-
 void setup() {
   t1 = millis();
 
+  gpio.begin();
+
   // Only start serial if USB connected
-  pinMode(UART0_RXD, INPUT);
-  if (isUsbConnected()) {
+  if (gpio.isUsbConnected()) {
     Serial.begin(115200);
     // Wait up to 3 seconds for Serial to be ready to catch early logs
     unsigned long start = millis();
@@ -313,13 +281,6 @@ void setup() {
     }
   }
 
-  inputManager.begin();
-  // Initialize pins
-  pinMode(BAT_GPIO0, INPUT);
-
-  // Initialize SPI with custom pins
-  SPI.begin(EPD_SCLK, SD_SPI_MISO, EPD_MOSI, EPD_CS);
-
   // SD Card Initialization
   // We need 6 open files concurrently when parsing a new chapter
   if (!SdMan.begin()) {
@@ -333,7 +294,7 @@ void setup() {
   SETTINGS.loadFromFile();
   KOREADER_STORE.loadFromFile();
 
-  if (isWakeupByPowerButton()) {
+  if (gpio.isWakeupByPowerButton()) {
     // For normal wakeups, verify power button press duration
     Serial.printf("[%lu] [   ] Verifying power button press duration\n", millis());
     verifyPowerButtonDuration();
@@ -370,7 +331,7 @@ void loop() {
   const unsigned long loopStartTime = millis();
   static unsigned long lastMemPrint = 0;
 
-  inputManager.update();
+  gpio.update();
 
   if (Serial && millis() - lastMemPrint >= 10000) {
     Serial.printf("[%lu] [MEM] Free: %d bytes, Total: %d bytes, Min Free: %d bytes\n", millis(), ESP.getFreeHeap(),
@@ -380,8 +341,7 @@ void loop() {
 
   // Check for any user activity (button press or release) or active background work
   static unsigned long lastActivityTime = millis();
-  if (inputManager.wasAnyPressed() || inputManager.wasAnyReleased() ||
-      (currentActivity && currentActivity->preventAutoSleep())) {
+  if (gpio.wasAnyPressed() || gpio.wasAnyReleased() || (currentActivity && currentActivity->preventAutoSleep())) {
     lastActivityTime = millis();  // Reset inactivity timer
   }
 
@@ -393,8 +353,7 @@ void loop() {
     return;
   }
 
-  if (inputManager.isPressed(InputManager::BTN_POWER) &&
-      inputManager.getHeldTime() > SETTINGS.getPowerButtonDuration()) {
+  if (gpio.isPressed(HalGPIO::BTN_POWER) && gpio.getHeldTime() > SETTINGS.getPowerButtonDuration()) {
     enterDeepSleep();
     // This should never be hit as `enterDeepSleep` calls esp_deep_sleep_start
     return;