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https://github.com/daveallie/crosspoint-reader.git
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83315b6179
## Summary Optimizes EPUB metadata indexing for large books (2000+ chapters) from ~30 minutes to ~50 seconds by replacing O(n²) algorithms with O(n log n) hash-indexed lookups. Fixes #134 ## Problem Three phases had O(n²) complexity due to nested loops: | Phase | Operation | Before (2768 chapters) | |-------|-----------|------------------------| | OPF Pass | For each spine ref, scan all manifest items | ~25 min | | TOC Pass | For each TOC entry, scan all spine items | ~5 min | | buildBookBin | For each spine item, scan ZIP central directory | ~8.4 min | Total: **~30+ minutes** for first-time indexing of large EPUBs. ## Solution Replace linear scans with sorted hash indexes + binary search: - **OPF Pass**: Build `{hash(id), len, offset}` index from manifest, binary search for each spine ref - **TOC Pass**: Build `{hash(href), len, spineIndex}` index from spine, binary search for each TOC entry - **buildBookBin**: New `ZipFile::fillUncompressedSizes()` API - single ZIP central directory scan with batch hash matching All indexes use FNV-1a hashing with length as secondary key to minimize collisions. Indexes are freed immediately after each phase. ## Results **Shadow Slave EPUB (2768 chapters):** | Phase | Before | After | Speedup | |-------|--------|-------|---------| | OPF pass | ~25 min | 10.8 sec | ~140x | | TOC pass | ~5 min | 4.7 sec | ~60x | | buildBookBin | 506 sec | 34.6 sec | ~15x | | **Total** | **~30+ min** | **~50 sec** | **~36x** | **Normal EPUB (87 chapters):** 1.7 sec - no regression. ## Memory Peak temporary memory during indexing: - OPF index: ~33KB (2770 items × 12 bytes) - TOC index: ~33KB (2768 items × 12 bytes) - ZIP batch: ~44KB (targets + sizes arrays) All indexes cleared immediately after each phase. No OOM risk on ESP32-C3. ## Note on Threshold All optimizations are gated by `LARGE_SPINE_THRESHOLD = 400` to preserve existing behavior for small books. However, the algorithms work correctly for any book size and are faster even for small books: | Book Size | Old O(n²) | New O(n log n) | Improvement | |-----------|-----------|----------------|-------------| | 10 ch | 100 ops | 50 ops | 2x | | 100 ch | 10K ops | 800 ops | 12x | | 400 ch | 160K ops | 4K ops | 40x | If preferred, the threshold could be removed to use the optimized path universally. ## Testing - [x] Shadow Slave (2768 chapters): 50s first-time indexing, loads and navigates correctly - [x] Normal book (87 chapters): 1.7s indexing, no regression - [x] Build passes - [x] clang-format passes ## Files Changed - `lib/Epub/Epub/parsers/ContentOpfParser.h/.cpp` - OPF manifest index - `lib/Epub/Epub/BookMetadataCache.h/.cpp` - TOC index + batch size lookup - `lib/ZipFile/ZipFile.h/.cpp` - New `fillUncompressedSizes()` API - `lib/Epub/Epub.cpp` - Timing logs <details> <summary><b>Algorithm Details</b> (click to expand)</summary> ### Phase 1: OPF Pass - Manifest to Spine Lookup **Problem**: Each `<itemref idref="ch001">` in spine must find matching `<item id="ch001" href="...">` in manifest. ``` OLD: For each of 2768 spine refs, scan all 2770 manifest items = 7.6M string comparisons NEW: While parsing manifest, build index: { hash("ch001"), len=5, file_offset=120 } Sort index, then binary search for each spine ref: 2768 × log₂(2770) ≈ 2768 × 11 = 30K comparisons ``` ### Phase 2: TOC Pass - TOC Entry to Spine Index Lookup **Problem**: Each TOC entry with `href="chapter0001.xhtml"` must find its spine index. ``` OLD: For each of 2768 TOC entries, scan all 2768 spine entries = 7.6M string comparisons NEW: At beginTocPass(), read spine once and build index: { hash("OEBPS/chapter0001.xhtml"), len=25, spineIndex=0 } Sort index, binary search for each TOC entry: 2768 × log₂(2768) ≈ 30K comparisons Clear index at endTocPass() to free memory. ``` ### Phase 3: buildBookBin - ZIP Size Lookup **Problem**: Need uncompressed file size for each spine item (for reading progress). Sizes are in ZIP central directory. ``` OLD: For each of 2768 spine items, scan ZIP central directory (2773 entries) = 7.6M filename reads + string comparisons Time: 506 seconds NEW: Step 1: Build targets from spine { hash("OEBPS/chapter0001.xhtml"), len=25, index=0 } Sort by (hash, len) Step 2: Single pass through ZIP central directory For each entry: - Compute hash ON THE FLY (no string allocation) - Binary search targets - If match: sizes[target.index] = uncompressedSize Step 3: Use sizes array directly (O(1) per spine item) Total: 2773 entries × log₂(2768) ≈ 33K comparisons Time: 35 seconds ``` ### Why Hash + Length? Using 64-bit FNV-1a hash + string length as a composite key: - Collision probability: ~1 in 2⁶⁴ × typical_path_lengths - No string storage needed in index (just 12-16 bytes per entry) - Integer comparisons are faster than string comparisons - Verification on match handles the rare collision case </details> --- _AI-assisted development. All changes tested on hardware._
78 lines
2.0 KiB
C++
78 lines
2.0 KiB
C++
#pragma once
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#include <Print.h>
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#include <algorithm>
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#include <vector>
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#include "Epub.h"
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#include "expat.h"
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class BookMetadataCache;
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class ContentOpfParser final : public Print {
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enum ParserState {
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START,
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IN_PACKAGE,
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IN_METADATA,
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IN_BOOK_TITLE,
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IN_BOOK_AUTHOR,
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IN_BOOK_LANGUAGE,
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IN_MANIFEST,
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IN_SPINE,
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IN_GUIDE,
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};
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const std::string& cachePath;
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const std::string& baseContentPath;
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size_t remainingSize;
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XML_Parser parser = nullptr;
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ParserState state = START;
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BookMetadataCache* cache;
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FsFile tempItemStore;
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std::string coverItemId;
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// Index for fast idref→href lookup (used only for large EPUBs)
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struct ItemIndexEntry {
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uint32_t idHash; // FNV-1a hash of itemId
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uint16_t idLen; // length for collision reduction
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uint32_t fileOffset; // offset in .items.bin
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};
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std::vector<ItemIndexEntry> itemIndex;
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bool useItemIndex = false;
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static constexpr uint16_t LARGE_SPINE_THRESHOLD = 400;
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// FNV-1a hash function
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static uint32_t fnvHash(const std::string& s) {
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uint32_t hash = 2166136261u;
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for (char c : s) {
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hash ^= static_cast<uint8_t>(c);
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hash *= 16777619u;
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}
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return hash;
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}
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static void startElement(void* userData, const XML_Char* name, const XML_Char** atts);
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static void characterData(void* userData, const XML_Char* s, int len);
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static void endElement(void* userData, const XML_Char* name);
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public:
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std::string title;
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std::string author;
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std::string language;
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std::string tocNcxPath;
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std::string tocNavPath; // EPUB 3 nav document path
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std::string coverItemHref;
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std::string textReferenceHref;
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explicit ContentOpfParser(const std::string& cachePath, const std::string& baseContentPath, const size_t xmlSize,
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BookMetadataCache* cache)
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: cachePath(cachePath), baseContentPath(baseContentPath), remainingSize(xmlSize), cache(cache) {}
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~ContentOpfParser() override;
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bool setup();
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size_t write(uint8_t) override;
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size_t write(const uint8_t* buffer, size_t size) override;
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};
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